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Our gratitude goes out to Dan Noyes, Sharon Tiller, and David Weir to Mark Schapiro for saving the project when it nearly died an unnatural death and to the rest of the CIR family who so enthusiastically supported this work. Our foremost thanks go to our old colleagues at the Center for Investigative Reporting, who made this book happen. We regret if others’ contributions pass unnoticed here this book would have been an impossible task without the assistance of all those friends and colleagues, and our heartfelt thanks go to all who helped in any way. Many of our sources cannot be named due to concern over job security and, in some cases, personal safety.

We have, in addition, drawn on the work of countless others from academia, the media, law enforcement, and the underworld. The revised edition relied on dozens more. Our work on the first edition was aided by at least fifty researchers and reporters spread across five continents. The yakuza for nearly twenty years, we were helped by so many people in so many ways that it is, quite literally, impossible to thank them all. To AmericaĮpilogue: A New Yakuza A Note on Research NotesĪCKNOWLEDGMENTS THIS BOOK IS A COLLABORATIVE EFFORT. It meets the minimum requirements of ANSI/ NISO . The paper used in this publication is both acid-free and totally chlorine-free (TCF). Includes bibliographical references and index. Kaplan Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kaplan, David E., 1955– Yakuza : Japan’s criminal underworld / David E.

London, England Copyright © 2003 by the Center for Investigative Reporting and David E. University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. 10, 1966, published by Routledge & Kegan Paul plc, London. 9 is reprinted with permission from an article entitled “Delinquent Groups and Organized Crime,” in the Sociological Review Monograph, no. 6 –7 is reprinted with permission from The East, October 1981, Tokyo, vol. YAKUZA JAPAN’S CRIMINAL UNDERWORLD EXPANDED EDITION